Invitro fertilization
Assisted reproductive techniques refer to techniques and allied methods used to assist people in achieving pregnancy . simple techniques like intrauterine insemination , or artificial insemination .
Advanced ART techniques include IVF ( in vitro fertilization and ICSI ( intra cytoplasmic sperm injection ) In vitro fertilization or IVF is a popular and advanced technology in the field of artificial reproductive techniques helping couples to achieve their parenthood. Since the first child birth of Louise Brown in 1978 there have been many advances in this technology and now it is a very well-known procedure.
IVF is a process in which an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the human body. It is carried out in a Petri dish containing culture medium and then placed in a CO2 incubator in an IVF laboratory. The embryo is cultured up to the blastocyst stage and then transferred back into the patient’s uterus or preserved for future usage.
Indication:
1. Tubal block
2. Infertility after more than two years of unprotected intercourse
3. poor ovarian reserve
4. grade 3-4 endometriosis
5. Male factor infertility
Process:
The basic steps include ovulation induction where serial gonadotropin injections given from day 2 of the period to produce multifollicular growth contain when the follicles reach 18 to 19 mm in size, the trigger injection is given. After 36 hours of Trigger ovum pick up is done under general anesthesia with TVS assistance.
Once the follicles are punctured, fluid is aspirated and collected in sterile 15 ml test tubes test tubes are passed in the IVF laboratory and sterile petri dishes under the stereo zoom microscope. Once the oocyte cumulus complex is identified it is picked up with a sterile transfer pipette and washed in a HEPES buffer medium. Then all the oocytes are transferred into the center well dish containing IVF culture media and placed back in the incubator after doing oocyte grading.
semen samples are collected and centrifuged at 1500 RPM for 7 minutes, the supernatant is discarded and the palate is layered with a culture medium incubator. The density gradient process is used for the sperm preparation.
In the sperm and eggs are mixed together and incubated to achieve fertilization the exit shakes after 18 to 20 hours for the presence of 2:00 p.m. to confirm the fertilization. The growing embryo is cultured for 225 days in an incubator and different stages of the clipping embryos and blastocyst are observed, graded and finally transferred back into the patient’s uterus.
Success rate:
It gives a 35 to 40% success rate in one cycle.